What businesses are restricted for foreigners in Thailand?

Detailed Answer

Foreign Business Act B.E. 2542 (1999) restrictions: **List 1 (Absolutely Prohibited):** - Newspaper/media publishing - Rice/salt/aquaculture farming - Land trading - Thai traditional medicine **List 2 (Cabinet Approval Required):** - National security (weapons, transport) - Culture (antiques, Thai art) - Natural resources (mining, forestry) **List 3 (Director-General Approval Required):** - Accounting, legal, engineering, architecture - Retail under THB 100 million capital - Wholesale under THB 100 million - Hotels (except management) - Tour operation - Restaurants, construction **Exemptions:** BOI-promoted companies, Treaty of Amity (US), ASEAN agreements, IHQ/ROH companies, and businesses with over THB 100 million in registered capital. **Foreign = 50%+ foreign ownership.** Even 50-50 is considered Thai if Thai nationals hold the majority of voting rights.

Foreign Business Act

BOI

Business Licensing

Do I need a work permit for remote work in Thailand?

Strictly yes — Thai law requires a work permit for any 'work' performed in Thailand regardless of employer location. The DTV (Destination Thailand Visa) is the primary legal option for remote workers.

How do I start a company in Thailand as a foreigner?

Most common structure: Thai Limited Company with minimum 2 shareholders (reduced from 3 by Civil and Commercial Code Amendment Act No. 23 B.E. 2566 (2023), effective 7 February 2023). Foreign majority ownership requires a Foreign Business License unless in promoted activities or BOI-approved.

What are my rights if I'm fired in Thailand?

Employees are entitled to advance notice (or pay in lieu), severance pay based on years of service (30-400 days), and accumulated benefits. Unfair dismissal can be challenged at the Labour Court.

What jobs are prohibited for foreigners in Thailand?

The Alien Occupation Act lists 39 occupations prohibited for foreigners, including manual labor, driving, accounting for Thai firms, hairdressing, and street vending.

What is the minimum wage in Thailand?

Thailand's minimum wage runs from about THB 337 to THB 400 per day depending on the province and sector, with Bangkok at THB 400 (rates revised effective 1 July 2025). Confirm the current rate for a specific province with the Ministry of Labour.

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