Educational Information Only
The content on this page is for general educational purposes and does not constitute legal advice. Every legal situation is unique. For matters involving investigation, arrest, litigation, or formal proceedings, consult a qualified legal professional.
Forgery of Public Documents in Thailand
Creating or altering official government documents, certificates, or public records.
Section 265-266 Criminal Code
Up to 20 years imprisonment
severe
Definition
Creating or altering official government documents, certificates, or public records. Under Thai law, this offence is classified as a severe offence within the category of Offences Against Public Trust.
Legal Basis
Section 265-266 Criminal Code
Primary legislative provision for forgery of public documents offences.
Elements of the Offence
For a conviction, the prosecution must prove all of the following elements beyond reasonable doubt:
Document purports to be issued by government authority
Making of false document or alteration of genuine government document
Document bears or purports to bear official seal or signature
Intent to use as genuine or cause another to so use it
Penalties
Maximum Penalty
Up to 20 years imprisonment
Actual sentences depend on factors including the severity of the conduct, harm caused, prior convictions, and mitigating circumstances. Courts have discretion to impose lesser sentences within the statutory range.
Possible Defences
The following defences may be available depending on the circumstances:
Document is not an official public document
No intent to deceive authorities or third parties
Document was clearly marked as copy or sample
Authorized reproduction
Note: The availability of defences depends on specific facts. Professional legal advice is essential.
For Foreigners
Special Considerations for Foreign Nationals
Forging Thai government documents (visas, work permits, police clearances) carries maximum penalties. Foreign embassies are notified and international cooperation may apply.
When Legal Representation Matters
If you are accused of forgery of public documents or facing investigation, immediate legal representation is essential to protect your rights and build an effective defence.
Anglo Siam Legal provides experienced legal services across Thailand for both Thai nationals and foreigners.
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